摘要 气候变化是当今人类面临的重大挑战之一，已成为全球性的非传统安全问题，严重威胁着人类的生 存和可持续发展。我国碳达峰、碳中和承诺的提出，对我国建设人与自然和谐共生的社会主义现代化强国 具有重要战略意义。面对我国如期实现碳达峰、碳中和的挑战，文章提出通过能源变革，大力推进能源供 给侧的电力脱碳与零碳化、燃料零碳化，以及能源需求侧的能源利用高效化、再电气化和智慧化，构建以 新能源为主体，“化石能源+二氧化碳捕集利用与封存（CCUS）”和核能为保障的未来清洁零碳、安全高 效能源体系。 

关键词 碳中和，能源变革，电力零碳化，燃料零碳化

《Frontiers in Energy》专辑“光催化：从太阳能到风能”，特邀上官文峰教授（上海交通大学）、工藤昭彦教授（东京理科大学），江治副教授（上海交通大学）、山口友一助理教授（东京理科大学）担任客座编辑，报道了氢能领域重要研究成果。

可再生合成燃料是面向碳中和的变革性技术。本文介绍了可再生合成燃料的特点、主要技术路线、技术瓶颈和未来应用场景，为能源转型与碳中和目标实现提供全新的解决方案。

近日，本刊发表了来自上海交通大学钱小石副教授的观点文章（Viewpoint）：Pumping into a Cool Future: Electrocaloric Materials for Zero-Carbon Refrigeration，介绍了电卡制冷技术在低碳替代技术过程中展现的优越性，阐明了电卡制冷设备在个性化、分布式建筑空调系统中发挥的节能作用，分析了电卡制冷技术目前面临的挑战，并展望了电卡制冷技术的广泛应用前景。

近日，上海交通大学在学术期刊《Frontiers in Energy》上发表了题为“Blockchain in energy systems: values, opportunities, and limitations”的重要成果。该论文辩证分析了区块链在能源系统中的应用价值、应用场景及应用局限性，为能源区块链的发展方向及研究思路提供了独特见解。上海交大副教授陈思捷为论文第一作者，特别研究员李金金、中国工程院院士黄震为论文通信作者，长聘教授严正、博士后平健为论文合作者。

长江三角洲（长三角）地区是我国经济发展最活跃、开放程度最高、创新能力最强的区域之一。进一步推进长三角地区能源革命，构建清洁低碳、安全高效的能源体系，促进长三角地区经济、能源和生态环境的协调发展，对推动“长江三角洲区域一体化发展”国家战略具有重要意义。本文结合长三角地区特点，提出建设长三角现代化能源大系统的构思，深入阐述了该系统的主要特征、关键问题和总体集成等，并通过模型计算和定性分析预测了现代化能源大系统建设对长三角地区发展带来的经济效益、环境效益和社会效益。

Amine-containing facilitated transport membranes (AFTMs) hold great potential in CO2 separation and show remarkable separation performance under the existence of water. Conventional membrane gas separation models that mainly consider the effect of temperature and pressure are less effective for modeling AFTMs. In this study, we present a model that involves variable CO2 permeance in AFTMs concerning relative humidity (RH), temperature, and CO2 partial pressure. Sensitivity analysis and comparison of the proposed model and simplistic model highlight the significance of considering the effect of RH and CO2 partial pressure on gas permeance of AFTMs. Case study results of post-combustion carbon capture indicate that variations in CO2 concentration and feed pressure bring more pronounced changes on the separation performance of AFTMs than in temperature.

采用“两步法”制备分散性良好的TiO2-MDEA纳米流体作为吸收剂，在鼓泡实验装置上进行CO2吸收实验。研究了纳米颗粒质量分数和粒径对纳米流体强化CO2吸收的影响，以及气体体积流量、电磁搅拌和超声振动3种外部扰动方式对强化效果的影响。结果表明：纳米流体主要通过阻止气泡聚并、增大有效反应面积来强化CO2吸收，并且强化效果与纳米颗粒质量分数和粒径相关，最佳强化值可达81.7%；增大气体体积流量会减弱纳米流体的强化效果，电磁搅拌在颗粒质量分数为0.08%左右时起促进作用，施加超声振动会显著抑制纳米流体的强化作用。

Absorbents have become a vital factor in determining the performance of chemical absorption technique for CO2 capture. In recent years, amine-based nanofluids have shown a promising potential to develop high-performance absorbents. Thus, a bubbling reaction system was implemented to comprehensively study the CO2 capture properties of TETA-based nanofluids in this work. Three kinds of nanoparticles and surfactants were adopted to prepare nanofluids. The important parameters, such as ultrasonic vibration time, particle size and surfactants mass fraction, were considered to evaluate the comprehensive CO2 capture performance. It was found that nanofluids shows better CO2 capture performance than blank TETA solutions, which is mainly due to the enhancement of liquid-phase turbulence and the microscopic motion of nanoparticles. 1.0 h is considered as the most reasonable ultrasonic time for CO2 absorption in this experimentation. There is an optimal SiO2-nanoparticle mass fraction of 0.10 wt.%, the enhancement factors of ab/desorption (Eab and Ede) can espectively increase up to 1.29 and 1.23. The larger size can reduce the relative particle surface area and energy, 45 nm SiO2-nanofluids show lower energy consumption when the CO2-loading reaches αs. Enhancement factors of both ab/desorption for TiO2 and SiO2 are very close and evidently higher than Al2O3 due to the nanoparticles’ different CO2 adsorption performance. The addition of surfactant C-Na can effectively promote the mass transfer performance of nanofluids, but Triton X-100 and SDBS will cause inhibition effect when mass fraction exceeds 0.01 wt.%.